Proceedings of International Conference on Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics (HOPV16)
Publication date: 28th March 2016
Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) have been attracting a large amount of research interest in view of the extreme potential of converting solar and artificial light to electricity at low cost, and have recently reached a power conversion efficiency (PCE) record of 14.5% measured under the simulated AM1.5G sunlight, without using any conventional metal-complex dye. This glorious accomplishment embodies over 10 years intense studies on organic donor-acceptor dyes, single-electron redox shuttles, molecular-scale interface engineering, and device physics. Predictably, the development of more powerful metal-free organic dyes could well address the economic efficiency of a DSC, on primary account of copious raw materials and versatile synthetic methodologies. To further raise the PCE of a DSC with organic dyes, the realization of harvesting photons in the infrared region of the solar emission spectrum will be of paramount importance in the future explorations, mainly via narrowing the optical energy gap of a dye molecule. However, a reduction of HOMO/LUMO energy gap of a dye molecule is certainly concomitant with either a stabilized LUMO energy level or a destabilized HOMO energy level, or even both. These energetic changes are very much possible to exert unfavorable influences on the yields of generating long-lived charge carriers and thus lower external quantum efficiencies (EQEs). Additionally, the open-circuit photovoltage of a DSC is notably dominated by the thickness and pinhole defect of self-organized dye layers, lying spatially at the boundary of electron-transporting titania and hole-transporting redox electrolyte. In this talk, I will select several examples from our studies to address these issues.