Pinhole-Free Perovskite Layers Composed of Large Single-Crystal Grains for Photovoltaic Applications
Teng Ma a b, Ayumi Hirano-Iwata a b, Michio Niwano a b
a Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, sendai, 9808577, Japan
b JST Crest, Japan
International Conference on Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics
Proceedings of International Conference on Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics (HOPV16)
Swansea, United Kingdom, 2016 June 29th - July 1st
Organizers: James Durrant, Henry Snaith and David Worsley
Oral, Teng Ma, presentation 042
Publication date: 28th March 2016

Organometallic perovskite has been attracting much attention as a low-cost material for highly efficient photovoltaics. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has surpassed all solution-processed thin-film solar cells, and reached 21% in only 6 years of research. In PSCs, the perovskite layer is responsible for light absorption and charge transportation. The quality of the perovskite layer is very important to achieve highly efficient PSCs. Larger perovskite crystals would lead to less barriers and defects in the perovskite layer and thus less recombination and lower series resistance.

In this work, we in-situ monitored the phase transformation of perovskite layer during annealing, and demonstrated that the excess organic and halide ion largely improved the crystallinity of perovskite layer.[1] Based on the results, we propose a vapor-assisted high-temperature (VAHT) method to form high quality pinhole-free perovskite layers. In perovskite layers fabricated by traditional two-step processes, the crystal size are usually small, about 500 nm.[2,3] Using the proposed VAHT method, the crystal size reached 50 µm. The crystal-growth mechanism will be explained, and photovoltaic applications of the high quality pinhole-free perovskite layer will also be discussed in the presentation. 

[1] T. Ma, et al, J. Mater. Chem. A, 2015, 3, 14195-14201.

[2] Q. Chen, et al, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2014, 136, 622−625.

[3] Z. Xiao, et al, Energy Environ. Sci., 2014, 7, 2619–2623.



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