Micro-engineered CH3NH3PbI3 nanowire/graphene phototransistor for low intensity light detection at room temperature

Richard Gaál^a, Endre Horváth^a, Eric Bonvin^a, Laurent Bernard^a, Balint Náfrádi^a, Mario Lehmann^a, Massimo Spina^a, Laszlo Forró^a, Arnaud Magrez^b

International Conference on Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics
Proceedings of International Conference on Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics 2015 (HOPV15)

Roma, Italy, 2015 May 11th - 13th

Organizer: Filippo De Angelis

Poster, Massimo Spina, 399
Publication date: 5th February 2015

Methylammonium lead iodide perovskite has revolutionized the field of third generation solid-state solar cells leading to simple solar cell structures¹and certified efficiencies up to 20.1%^2,3. Recently the peculiar light harvesting properties of organometal halide perovskites have been exploited in photodetectors where responsivities of ~3.5 A/W and 180 A/W have been respectively achieved for pure perovskite-based devices⁴ and hybrid nanostructures⁵. Here, we report on the first hybrid phototransistors where the performance of a network of photoactive Methylammonium Lead Iodide nanowires⁶ (hereafter MAPbI₃NW) are enhanced by CVD-grown monolayer graphene. The measured device photoresponsivity was as high as 2.6x10⁶ A/W that is 4 orders of magnitude higher the best hybrid perovskite photodetector reported by Y. Lee et al⁵and comparable to the best hybrid graphene photodetectors reported so far^7,8under similar operating conditions. We attribute these very high device performances mainly to the nanowire perovskite morphology. The drastic enhancement of the responsivity at very low light intensities (pW) suggest the use of MAPbI₃ nanowire/graphene devices as low-light imaging sensors and single photon detectors.

[1]Liu, M.; Johnston, M.B.; Snaith, H. J. Efficient planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells by vapour deposition. Nature 2013,501(7467),395-8. [2]Green, M.A.; Ho-Baillie, A.; Snaith, H. J. The emergence of perovskite solar cells. Nat Photon 2014, 8(7),506-14. [3]Niu, G.; Guo, X.; Wang, L. Review of recent progress in chemical stability of perovskite solar cells. J Mater Chem A 2015. [4]Hu, X.; Zhang, X.; Liang, L.; Bao, J.; Li, S.; Yang, W.; Xie, Y. High-Performance Flexible Broadband Photodetector Based on Organolead Halide Perovskite. Adv Funct Mater 2014, 24(46), 7373-80. [5]Lee, Y.; Kwon, J.; Hwang, E.; Ra, C.-H.; Yoo, W.J.; Ahn, J.-H.; Park,J. H.; Cho,J. H. High-Performance Perovskite–Graphene Hybrid Photodetector. Adv Mater 2015, 27(1), 41-6. [6]Horváth, E.; Spina, M.; Szekrényes, Z.; Kamarás, K.; Gaal, R.; Gachet, D.; Forró, L. Nanowires of Methylammonium Lead Iodide (CH3NH3PbI3) Prepared by Low Temperature Solution-Mediated Crystallization. Nano Lett 2014, 14(12), 6761-6. [7]Roy, K.; Padmanabhan, M.; Goswami, S.; Sai, T.P.; Ramalingam, G.; Raghavan, S.; Ghosh A. Graphene-MoS2 hybrid structures for multifunctional photoresponsive memory devices. Nat Nano. 2013;8(11):826-30. [8]Konstantatos, G.; Badioli, M.; Gaudreau, L.; Osmond, J.; Bernechea, M.; de Arquer, F.P.G.; Gatti, F.; Koppens F. H. L. Hybrid graphene-quantum dot phototransistors with ultrahigh gain. Nat Nano. 2012, 7(6), 363-8.

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