Proceedings of International Conference on Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics 2015 (HOPV15)
Publication date: 5th February 2015
Organic solar cells are the subject of an extensive research effort due to their potential application as cheap, light-weight and flexible energy sources. An important step towards the realization of commercialization is attainment of higher efficiencies and improvements of the scale-up process. Both objectives are possible only through a more complete understanding of factors limiting the device performance. In this talk, I will discuss the nature and origin of the recombination mechanisms that govern the JV characteristics of the system using 7,7′-(4,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl)-4H-silolo[3,2-b:4,5-b′]dithiophene-2,6-diyl)bis(6-fluoro-4-(5′-hexyl-[2,2′-bithiophen]-5-yl)benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole), (p-DTS(FBTTh2)2)as the donor material with phenyl-C71-butyric acid methyl ester (PC71BM) as the acceptor. Time delayed collection field (TDCF), bias assisted charge extraction (BACE) and photocharge extraction by linearly increasing voltage (photo-CELIV) measurements were performed on p-DTS(FBTTh2)2:PC71BM solar cell devices prepared both with and without diiodooctane (DIO). These measurements reveal the voltage dependence of geminate recombination, the rate of nongeminate (bimolecular) recombination and the charge carrier mobilities as a function of device processing conditions. Combined with morphological characterization of p-DTS(FBTTh2)2:PC71BM blend films using TEM, GIWAXS, and resonant soft X-ray scattering (R-SoXS), these results shed light on the morphological and electrical properties that can suppress geminate recombination loss in solution-processed small molecule solar cells. These results highlight that a field dependent generation mechanism is not necessarily an inherent molecular property. With careful control of the blend film morphology, geminate recombination can be completely overcome while simultaneously reducing bimolecular recombination to allow for efficient generation and collection of photogenerated charge carriers. Additionally, the relationship between fill factor (FF) and hole and electron mobilities across a range of molecular donor material systems blended with PC71BM will be discussed. This comprehensive investigation provides insight into factors that govern BHJ solar cell performance.