High-Efficiency Perovskite Solar Modules

Aldo Di Carlo^a, Andrea Reale^a, Simone Casaluci^a, Thomas Brown^a, Stefano Razza^a, Francesco Di Giacomo^a, Alessandro Lorenzo Palma^a, Lucio Cinà^a, Fabio Matteocci^a, Alessandra D'Epifanio^b, Silvia Licoccia^b, Andrea Guidobaldi^c

^aCHOSE - Centre for Hybrid and Organic Solar Energy, University of Rome ‘‘Tor Vergata’’, Via del Politecnico, 1, Roma, Italy

^bUniversity of Rome Tor Vergata, Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, Italy, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 1, Roma, Italy

^cDYEPOWER, Viale Castro Pretorio, 122 - 00185 - Rome, Italy

International Conference on Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics
Proceedings of International Conference on Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics 2015 (HOPV15)

Roma, Italy, 2015 May 11th - 13th

Organizer: Filippo De Angelis

Oral, Aldo Di Carlo, presentation 259
Publication date: 5th February 2015

In this work, we developed innovative fabrication steps to overcome crucial issues in the fabrication of series-connected mesoscopic perovskite modules. In the up-scaling process one needs to reduce as much as possible the drop in efficiency, when moving from small area cells to modules. At the cell level, to minimize the PCE reduction during the up-scaling process, a uniform deposition of all constituent layers (TiO2 blocking layer, TiO2 scaffold, perovskite and HTM) on the entire active area is required. To accomplish this purpose, the photocurrent spatial maps were used to evaluate the uniformity of both perovskite and HTM layers over large area (30cm2). The spin-coated depositions were optimized varying the perovskite (single-step and double step) and also the HTM ( poly-(3-hexylthiophene) and Spiro-OMeTAD) layers. At the module level, to reduce the PCE drop induced by the interconnection, the development of scalable patterning procedures is extremely necessary. To address this problem, we were focused on the optimization of the integrated series interconnections to minimize the contact resistance at the series interconnections. Furthermore, At this scope, infrared CO2 laser (λ=10µm) and green Nd:YVO laser (λ= 532 nm) were considered to identify an optimized laser patterning. Moreover, BL-TiO2 lift-off procedure was shown to be extremely important. These optimization steps delivered a remarkable PCE improvement, 60% higher than our previous results (PCE increased from 5.1% to 8.2%) using single-step perovskite deposition [1]. To further enhance the efﬁciency of the modules, we carried out a two-step deposition of the perovskite layer. The maximum PCE achieved was 13.0% representing the highest PCE reported for perovskite solar modules. Recently, we have demonstrated an alternative technique to spin-coating in order to deposit the perovskite/HTM layers showing the first promising results [3]. Finally, the light-soaking test (0.8Sun at 65°C) were performed to evaluate the long-term stability of the perovskite solar modules. Preliminary results showed only 5% decrease with respect to the initial efficiency after 2000 hours using the single-step perovskite deposition.
Best results obtained in the upscaling process: from 0.1cm2 to 100 cm2.
[1] F. Matteocci et al., Solid-state solar module based on mesoscopic organometal perovskite: a route towards the up-scaling process, Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 16 (2014) 3918-3923. [2] F. Matteocci et al., High efficiency photovoltaic module based on mesoscopic organometal halide perovskite, Progress in Photovoltaics (2014) DOI: 10.1002/pip.2557. [3] S. Razza, F. Di Giacomo, F. Matteocci, L. Cinà; A.L. Palma, A. D'Epifanio, S. Licoccia, A. Reale, T.M. Brown, A. Di Carlo, Perovskite solar cells and modules based on air flow-assisted PbI2 blade coating deposition process (2014) Journal of Power Sources 277 (2015) 286-291.

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