Fabrication of Low Cost Solar Cell using Nano Particle Deposition System

Yunchan Park^a, Hyungsub Kim^a, Caroline Sunyong Lee^a, Yongho Choa^b, Yomin Choi^b, Sung-Hoon Ahn^c

^aHanyang University, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do, 604-714, Korea, Republic of

^bHanyang University, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do, 604-714, Korea, Republic of

^cSeoul National University, 104-1 - 509, Seoul National University, Inter-University Semiconductor Research Center, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 151, Korea, Republic of

International Conference on Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics
Proceedings of International Conference on Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics 2015 (HOPV15)

Roma, Italy, 2015 May 11th - 13th

Organizer: Filippo De Angelis

Poster, Hyungsub Kim, 192
Publication date: 5th February 2015

Recently, dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC) have been studied for its use as a promising energy harvesting technology due to their low cost, simple manufacturing process and potential to be produced on the flexible plastic substrates. During last decades, many approaches have been examined to improve the efficiency of converting solar energy into electrical power. The various methods of fabricating TiO₂ photo-electrode, such as sputtering, spin coating, doctor blade, sol-gel processing and electrophoretic deposition, have all been applied on transparent conductive oxide (TCO) glass. Conventionally, TiO₂ photo-electrode has been fabricated using the paste method, mixing nano-sized TiO₂ particle, binders and solvents. After screen-printing, the TiO₂ photo-electrode on the TCO glass is sintered to enable electron transfer. However, this requires numerous time-consuming steps. To overcome these issues, dry TiO₂ powders have been deposited on a TCO glass substrate. In this study, Nano-Particle Deposition System (NPDS) which is a unique dry powder deposition method, was used to fabricate TiO₂photo-electrode for DSSC. NPDS is a recently developed dry deposition system, capable of depositing both nano- and sub-micron-sized ceramic particles at room temperature. This system has been used to fabricate TiO₂ photo-electrode at low cost, and it can reduce total process time. Using the NPDS, particles are accelerated at supersonic speed through a super-/sub-sonic nozzle, using compressed air as the carrier gas. Furthermore, the powder deposition occurs at room temperature. Additionally, NPDS requires low vacuum and pressurized gas. Since the commercialized powders can be used to directly deposit via NPDS, fabrication process for DSSC can be simplified without any pre- or post-processes. As a result, fabricated films via NPDS for DSSC, exhibited high photovoltaic efficiency ranging from 6 to 7% with agglomerated microstructure. Moreover, NPDS has been used to fabricate various porous structure of TiO₂ which can serve as a light scattering layer by depositing sacrificial materials together with TiO₂ nano particles so that energy conversion efficiency of DSSC can be improved. Additionally, NPDS has been used in other applications, such as deposition on flexible polymer conductive electrode using laser assisted NPDS (La-NPDS) which was designed to minimize damage on a flexible substrate during sintering and to induce its necking among adjacent TiO₂ nano particles, and perovskite solar cell by preparing a thin TiO₂ compact film. Therefore, NPDS has shown to be competitive in the aspect of processing cost and time for DSSC fabrication, comparable to other methods.
Schematic diagrams of (a) nano particle deposition system and (b) laser assisted nano particle deposition system.

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