Proceedings of 6th International Conference on Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics (HOPV14)
Publication date: 1st March 2014
As the energy demand in the world is continuously increasing and the use of fossil fuels creates detrimental CO2 emissions, there is a strong need for development of renewable energy sources. Dye-sensitized Solar Cells (DSC) provides an alternative to silicon based solar cells which are energy consuming to produce.
In order to produce an efficient DSC fast charge transfer (at electrode-electrolyte interfaces) and transport (in the electrolyte and the electrode phases) processes and slow recombination processes are required, associated with low and high resistive elements in the DSSC equivalent circuit respectively. The organic Donor-Linker-Acceptor dye D35 has earlier proved efficient in combination with cobalt based electrolytes in DSC1. The concept of using cobalt based electrolytes in DSCs was made possible due to the design of the dye, where the alkoxy-chains on the triphenylamine unit decreased the recombination rate at the photoelectrode-electrolyte interface, thereby enhancing the power conversion efficiency. In the present study we investigate the effect of the length of the alkoxy-chains on the triphenylamine unit and study how the length changes the regeneration of the oxidized dye.
The length of the triphenylamine unit has a considerable impact to the access of the redox couple to the hole, which is mainly localized on the nitrogen in the triphenylamine unit2,3. In the present study D35 and D45 were used as model metal-free Donor-π-Acceptor dyes, with D45 possessing methoxy (ether) side chains compared to the n-butoxy chains of D35. The aforementioned dyes show to have differences in electron lifetime and fill-factor. By transient absorption measurements, electrochemical methods and scanning electrochemical microscopy the differences in the dye regeneration rate by the cobalt redox mediator were investigated.
Figure 1. The D35 dye (left) with its n-butoxy chains and D45 (right) with methoxy chains.
(1) Feldt, S. M.; Gibson, E. A.; Gabrielsson, E.; Sun, L.; Boschloo, G.; Hagfeldt. Design of Organic Dyes and Cobalt Polypyridine Redox Mediators for High-Efficiency Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. A. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2010, 132, 16714. (2) Westermark, K.; Tingry, S.; Persson, P.; Rensmo, H. k.; Lunell, S.; Hagfeldt, A.; Siegbahn, H. Triarylamine on Nanocrystalline TiO2 Studied in Its Reduced and Oxidized State by Photoelectron Spectroscopy. J. Phys. Chem. B 2001, 105, 7182. (3) Nyhlen, J.; Boschloo, G.; Hagfeldt, A.; Kloo, L.; Privalov, T. Regeneration of Oxidized Organic Photo-Sensitizers in Grätzel Solar Cells: Quantum-Chemical Portrait of a General Mechanism. ChemPhysChem 2010, 11, 1858.
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