Proceedings of 6th International Conference on Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics (HOPV14)
Publication date: 1st March 2014
Organometal halide perovskites have been widely studied as a light harvest materials for hybrid solar cells1-2). We reported CH3NH3PbX3(X=Br, I) sensitized mesoscopic solar cell in 20093). Before that, our group have researched optical properties of organic-inorganic layered perovskite compounds, which are expressed by chemical formula (CnH2n+1NH3)2PbX4(X=halogen)4). Among these layered compounds, we have notably investigated lead-bromide layered perovskite consisted of organic layer and various thickness of perovskite sheets in a sample. We called this materials as multi-layered perovskite compound. The study of multi-layered perovskite opened up a research of perovskite sensitized solar cell. Here, we report an optical properties and fluorescence temperature characteristics of multi-layered perovskite compounds, and energy transfer mechanism between low-dimensional layered compounds to bulky perovskite structure is discussed.
Multi-layered organic-inorganic perovskite compound was prepared from precursor solution containing of C7H15NH3Br, CH3NH3Br and PbBr2 in N, N-dimethylformamide. This precursor solution was dropped on a quartz glass substrate followed by spin-coating.
UV-Vis absorption spectrum and photoluminescence spectra of multi-layered perovskite thin film are shown in Fig.1. Three absorption peaks were observed at 382 nm, 427.5 nm and 453.5 nm, which may attributed to excitons formed in (C7H15NH3)2PbBr4(monolayer), (C7H15NH3)2(CH3NH3)Pb2Br7(bilayer) and (C7H15NH3)2(CH3NH3)Pb3Br10(trilayer) respectively. On the other hand, broad, and intense emission was observed at around 502 nm, which may correspond to the luminescence from bulky perovskite structure. No exciton emission from mono-, bi- and trilayer, which show intense exciton absorption, were observed at room temperature, but emission from these perovskite layers were clearly observed below 150 K. These results indicated that excited state of layered perovskites are thermally quenched, or excitation energy transfer occurs between low-dimensional layered perovskite to bulky structure, for example, CH3NH3PbBr3. As to energy transfer dynamics in organic-inorganic perovskite compounds, Ema et al. reported Triplet-Triplet energy transfer from Wannier excitons to naphthalene5). Based on our experimental results and previous reports, we have expected that perovskite crystal can give an excitation energy for other materials, if conduction band level of organometal halide perovskites are higher than that of contacted materials. We could successfully demonstrate organometal halide perovskites possess the ability of visible-light sensitizer for metal oxide semiconductors and apply CH3NH3PbX3(X=Br, I) to mesoscopic solar cell.
Fig.1 UV-Vis absorption spectrum (black line) and photoluminescence spectrum (blue dashed line) of multi-layered organic-inorganic perovskite thin film at room temperature. Red line shows photoluminescence spectrum of multi-layered organic-inorganic perovskite thin film at 3.8K.
ReferencesF 1) Burschka, J.; Pellet, N.; Moon, S. -J.; Humphry-Baker, R.; Gao, P.; Nazeeruddin, M. K.; Graetzel, M. Sequential deposition as a route to high-performance perovskite-sensitized solar cells. Nature 2013, 499, 316-319. 2) Liu, M.; Johnston, M. B.; Snaith, H. J. Efficient planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells by vapour deposition. Nature 2013, 501, 395-398. 3) Kojima, A.; Teshima, K.; Shirai, Y.; Miyasaka, T. Organometal Halide Perovskites as Visible-Light Sensitizers for Photovoltaic Cells. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 6050-6051. 4) Dolzhenko, Y. I.; Inobe, T.; Maruyama, Y. In Situ X-Ray Observation on the Intercalation of Weak Interaction Molecules into Perovskite-Type Layered Crystals (C9H19NH3)2PbI4 and (C10H21NH3)2CdCl4. Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 1986, 59, 563-567. 5) Ema, K.; Inomata, M.; Kato, Y.; Kunugita, H.; Era, M. Nearly Perfect Triplet-Triplet Energy Transfer from Wannier Excitons to Naphthalene in Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Quantum-Well Materials. Phys. Rev. Lett. 2008, 100, 257401-1 - 257401-4.
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