Effects of unintentional doping on transport optimisation and analysis in efficient organic bulk-heterojunction solar cells
Florent Deledalle a, James R. Durrant a, Pabitra Shakya Tuladhar a, Michelle S. Vezie b, Jenny Nelson b, Thomas Kirchartz b c d, Mariano Campoy-Quiles e
a Department of Chemistry and Centre for Plastic Electronics, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, United Kingdom
b Forschungszentrum Jülich, Institute of Energy and Climate Research, IEK-5 Photovoltaics, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, Jülich, Germany
International Conference on Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics
Proceedings of 6th International Conference on Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics (HOPV14)
Ecublens, Switzerland, 2014 May 11th - 14th
Organizers: Michael Graetzel and Mohammad Nazeeruddin
Poster, Florent Deledalle, 343
Publication date: 1st March 2014

Doping in the photoactive layer of Organic Solar Cells has received relatively little attention to date and is commonly neglected if no specific molecular dopant is intentionally added. Such doping is in fact nearly always inadvertent. Recent modeling studies demonstrate its potential large influence on the electrostatics in a device.1-2 Photoactive layer doping is therefore a key consideration, both with regard to the synthetic and purification strategies employed to control such doping levels, and its impact on the choice of device architecture for optimum solar cell performance.

By combining experimental observations with drift-diffusion simulations on two batches of the same high performance DPP-TT-T:PC71BM solar cells with substantially different doping levels and at different thicknesses, we investigated the way the presence of doping affects the interpretation of optoelectronic measurements of recombination and change transport in organic solar cells. We also present experimental evidence on how unintentional doping can lead to excessively high reactions orders confirming recent predictions.2 Our work suggests that unintentional doping levels need to be reduced to at least 6-7×1015 cm-3 if full optimisation around the second interference maximum of efficient polymer:fullerene solar cells is targeted.



1. Trukhanov, V.A., V.V. Bruevich, and D.Y. Paraschuk, Effect of doping on performance of organic solar cells. Phys. Rev. B 2011, 84, 205318. 2. Kirchartz, T. and J. Nelson, Meaning of reaction orders in polymer:fullerene solar cells. Phys. Rev. B 2012, 86, 165201.
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