Proceedings of 6th International Conference on Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics (HOPV14)
Publication date: 1st March 2014
Several attempts to proof the existence of the slow photons experimentally have been made in the last years.[1,2] In this work we employ a novel approach which consists on the integration of a photonic structure as DSC working electrode, made by the alternating deposition of layers of TiO2 nanoparticles. The different porosity of the titania layers produce a periodical and 1D spatial distribution of the refractive index.[3] This variation causes a photonic energy band gap and give rise to a significant decrease of the group velocity of the incoming photons whose energies are close to the band edge. At these energies, a strong interaction between slow photons and the dye molecules adsorbed in the TiO2 pore walls occurs. As a result, the IPCE displays a maximum.[4] Our results are explained with simulations of the electric field intensity distribution in the electrode. A good agreement is found between the spectral position of the IPCE enhancement peaks and the electric field intensity confinement.
Left: System design. Right: Incident photon to collected electron efficiency (black solid lines) measured for dye sensitized periodic multilayers (a) and (c), and dye sensitized multilayers in which a thicker middle layer has been deposited (b) and (d). The reflectance measured from the photonic crystal electrode is also included (red solid lines). Shaded regions indicate the spectral position of resonances expected to enhance the photocurrent generation.
[1] Nishimura,S.; Abrams,N.; Lewis,B.A.; Halaoui,L.I.; Mallouk,T.E.; Benkstein,K.D.; van de Lagemaat,J.; Frank,A.J.; J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2003, 125, 6306- 6310. [2] Chen, X.; Ye, J.; Ouyang,S.; Kako,T.; Li,Z.; Zou,Z. ACS Nano 2011, 5, 4310–4318. [3] Calvo, M.E.; Colodrero, S.; Rojas, T.C.; Anta, J.A.; Ocaña, M.; Míguez, H.; Adv. Func. Mater. 2008, 18, 2708-2715. [4] Anaya, M; Calvo, M.E.; Luque, J.M.; Míguez, H.; J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2013, 135 (21), 7803-7806.
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