Lessons from High-resolution Photocurrent Mapping of Perovskite Solar Cells
Krishna Feron a, Timothy Jones a, Kenrick Anderson a, Gregory Wilson a, Anders Hagfeldt b, Dongqin Bi b
a CSIRO Clayton Laboratories, Bayview Avenue, Clayton VIC, 3168, Australia
b Uppsala University, Ångström Laboratory, Sweden, Lägerhyddsvägen, 1, Uppsala, Sweden
International Conference on Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics
Proceedings of 6th International Conference on Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics (HOPV14)
Ecublens, Switzerland, 2014 May 11th - 14th
Organizers: Michael Graetzel and Mohammad Nazeeruddin
Poster, Timothy Jones, 184
Publication date: 1st March 2014

Photocurrent mapping or light-beam induced current (LBIC) measurements yield spatial information about photocurrent generation and collection. As such, the technique is extremely versatile and has found use in identification of features, optimising sub-optimal defects, degradation studies, assessing spatial uniformity – particularly of novel architectures – or for fundamental physical characterisation.

Solar cells based on organometal lead halide perovskite absorbers and / or conductors possess the special optical and electronic properties to revolutionise next-generation solution-processable photovoltaics. Self-assembly of the active perovskite or deposition of the charge-selective contacts by solution processes can yield defects on the microscopic scale, which can be detected by high-resolution photocurrent mapping. Thus, the technique can provide information to guide cell design.

Our photocurrent mapping system contains a choice of 3 excitation diodes (405, 520 and 635 nm), and is capable of spot-radius down to 3 μm. These wavelength choices span a range of penetration depth of about 4, given the spectral response of (CH3NH3)PbI3–xClx materials (0 ≤ x ≤ 1).

In this talk we explore the capabilities of photocurrent mapping for characterisation of perovskite solar cells. This is the first time photocurrent mapping of perovskite solar cells has been reported. We investigate spatial uniformity in devices as a function of fabrication conditions. Degradation effects are also explored. Through tracking photocurrent decay at device edges, we demonstrate the mechanism of humidity-induced degradation. Light-based degradation is explored in both TiO2-sensitised and Al2O3 meso-superstructured architectures.


Photocurrent map of a perovskite solar cell showing defects induced by the fabrication method and pin-holes in the evaporated gold cathode. Excitation wavelength = 635 nm.
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