Proceedings of 6th International Conference on Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics (HOPV14)
Publication date: 1st March 2014
A high photo-voltage is an essential aspect in the construction of high efficiency solar cells. Increasing photo-voltage passes through effort to decrease the recombination rate, while optimizing band alignment in the system. Here we report on a method to improve band alignment under operating conditions. To accomplish this we developed the concept of a photo-induced dipole (PID) and implemented it in a quantum dot sensitized solar cell (QDSSC). The term PID relates to a dipole moment which is created only under irradiation and is a result of exciton dissociation. The principal effect is similar to that of molecular dipoles though it is significantly stronger and remains effective over greater distances. Both its intensity and operational distance make the PID attractive for a variety of device configurations.
The incorporation of the PID phenomenon in a QDSSC significantly improved its open circuit voltage. The generation of photo-dipoles was achieved by the creation of long-lived trapped holes inside a core of type-II ZnSe/CdS colloidal core/shell QDs which were placed on top of the standard CdSe QD sensitizer layer. Upon photo-excitation the generated photo-dipole negatively shifted the TiO2 energy bands resulting in a photo-voltage of 760mV, ~100 higher mV than the standard cell without type-II QDs. The photo-voltage gained diminished the excessive potential losses caused by the energetic mismatch between the CdSe sensitizer layer and the TiO2 without harming the charge injection processes. Furthermore, we showed that the extent of the additional photo-voltage is controlled by the irradiation intensity. This work provides a new understanding regarding the mechanisms of photo-electrochemical cells, while presenting a new strategy, the PID effect, for improving photo-voltage in photovoltaic cells.
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