Proceedings of 6th International Conference on Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics (HOPV14)
Publication date: 1st March 2014
Solar energy conversion has become a main research topic in response to growing energy and sustainability concerns. Current solar cells are based on crystalline silicon (first generation) or thin-film photovoltaic (PV) technologies with inorganic semiconductor materials (second generation). However, these technologies still result in rather high manufacturing costs, which limit their widespread implementation. In contrast, hybrid inorganic–organic and all-organic PVs (third generation) can potentially reduce costs, allow for large-area applications, and offer additional advantages like flexibility and partial transparency.
In the last 5 years, a new class of inorganic–organic PV devices based on perovskite absorbers (CH3NH3PbX3, X = Br, Cl, I) have attracted considerable attention mainly due to three significant advantages: inexpensive precursors, a variety of available fabrication methods, and consistently high power conversion efficiency values.1,2 The first cells evolved from the architecture of the Grätzel cell (so called perovskite-sensitized solar cells), including the use of a mesoporous TiO2 anode and liquid electrolyte.3 Since then, further studies without hole-4 or electron-5 transport layers have highlighted the exceptional charge-transport characteristics of the perovskite material, which not only exhibits panchromatic absorption, but also displays charge-carrier mobility values comparable to amorphous silicon6 and balanced electron/hole diffusion lengths exceeding 1 µm.7 These findings prompted the use of organolead trihalide perovskites as standalone absorber/transport materials in planar-heterojunction device architectures,1,8 moving towards standard stacks used in organic PVs,9,10 with very promising results.
Among these reports, thin-film vapor deposition has proved to be a successful method to fabricate uniform, flat perovskite films and yield high-efficiency devices.1,9 Thus far, despite several potential advantages including highly controlled layer deposition and easily varied device architectures, fully vacuum-processed perovskite PVs have not been investigated. Herein, we demonstrate the use of perovskite active layers in combination with industry standard vapor-deposited hole- and electron-transport materials. This study provides a direct comparison between perovskite and organic PV device architectures, while showcasing a well-established, highly reproducible, industrially applicable device fabrication technique.
[1] Liu, M.; Johnston, M. B. & Snaith, H. J. Efficient planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells by vapour deposition. Nature 2013, 501, 395. [2] Burschka, J. et al. Sequential deposition as a route to high-performance perovskite-sensitized solar cells. Nature 2013, 499, 316. [3] Kojima, A.; Teshima, K.; Shirai, Y. & Miyasaka, T. Organometal Halide Perovskites as Visible-Light Sensitizers for Photovoltaic Cells. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 6050. [4] Etgar, L. et al. Mesoscopic CH3NH3PbI3/TiO2 heterojunction solar cells. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2012, 134, 17396. [5] Lee, M. M.; Teuscher, J.; Miyasaka, T.; Murakami, T. N. & Snaith, H. J. Efficient Hybrid Solar Cells Based on Meso-Superstructured Organometal Halide Perovskites. Science 2012, 338, 643. [6] Wehrenfennig, C.; Eperon, G. E.; Johnston, M. B.; Snaith, H. J. & Herz, L. M. High Charge Carrier Mobilities and Lifetimes in Organolead Trihalide Perovskites. Adv. Mater. 2013, DOI: 10.1002/adma.201305172. [7] Stranks, S. D. et al. Electron-Hole Diffusion Lengths Exceeding 1 Micrometer in an Organometal Trihalide Perovskite Absorber. Science 2013, 342, 341. [8] Eperon, G. E.; Burlakov, V. M.; Docampo, P.; Goriely, A. & Snaith, H. J. Morphological Control for High Performance, Solution-Processed Planar Heterojunction Perovskite Solar Cells. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2013, 24, 151. [9] Malinkiewicz, O. et al. Perovskite solar cells employing organic charge-transport layers. Nature Photon. 2013, DOI: 10.1038/nphoton.2013.341. [10] You, J. et al. Low-Temperature Solution-Processed Perovskite Solar Cells with High Efficiency and Flexibility. ACS Nano 2014, DOI: 10.1021/nn406020d.
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International Conference on Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics
International Conference on Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics (HOPV) is celebrated yearly in May. The main topics are the development, function and modeling of materials and devices for hybrid and organic solar cells. The field is now dominated by perovskite solar cells but also other hybrid technologies, as organic solar cells, quantum dot solar cells, and dye-sensitized solar cells and their integration into devices for photoelectrochemical solar fuel production.
Asia-Pacific International Conference on Perovskite, Organic Photovoltaics and Optoelectronics
The main topics of the Asia-Pacific International Conference on Perovskite, Organic Photovoltaics and Optoelectronics (IPEROP) are discussed every year in Asia-Pacific for gathering the recent advances in the fields of material preparation, modeling and fabrication of perovskite and hybrid and organic materials. Photovoltaic devices are analyzed from fundamental physics and materials properties to a broad set of applications. The conference also covers the developments of perovskite optoelectronics, including light-emitting diodes, lasers, optical devices, nanophotonics, nonlinear optical properties, colloidal nanostructures, photophysics and light-matter coupling.
The International Conference on Perovskite Thin Film Photovoltaics Perovskite Photonics and Optoelectronics (NIPHO) is the best place to hear the latest developments in perovskite solar cells as well as on recent advances in the fields of perovskite light-emitting diodes, lasers, optical devices, nanophotonics, nonlinear optical properties, colloidal nanostructures, photophysics and light-matter coupling.