Proceedings of 6th International Conference on Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics (HOPV14)
Publication date: 1st March 2014
Photovoltaics (PV) hold tremendous potential as a technology to address the rising global demand for clean energy. One key for wide-spread success of this technology is to drive down the cost per Watt of electricity. This requires utilisation of less energy-intensive/lower cost production methods. One highly promising emerging technology for this is organic photovoltaics (OPVs). OPVs promise large-area manufacturing of future products by high-throughput roll-to-roll processing in ambient conditions. OPVs have also seen a rapid improvement in performance over recent years with certified devices reaching 10% power conversion efficiency. However there still remain fundamental questions related to the exact microstructure that needs to be realised within the active layer of such solar cells to optimise – and further improve – their power conversion efficiency. A structural picture is also necessary to target specific processing protocols and permit reliable device fabrication at high yield. The active layer of bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) OPVs is comprised of a blend of an electron-donating and an electron-accepting material, which until recently were generally believed to form relatively pure phases. However new studies have indicated that the BHJ microstructure may also contain a phase, where both materials can be mixed at much more intimate scales. Here, we discuss the role of this intermixed phase. We show that relative straight-forward techniques, such as photoluminescences and UV-vis spectroscopy provide highly valuable insight in the structural features of these systems and propose, based on a series of structurally well-defined blend architectures, a strong influence of the presence of such an intermixed phase on the opto-electronic processes of the system and provide structural guidelines for further improving the efficiency of BHJ OPVs.
1.) Jamieson, F.C.; Buchaca Domingo, E.; McCarthy-Ward, T.; Heeney, M.; Stingelin, N.; Durrant, J. Fullerene crystallisation as a key driver of charge separation in polymer/fullerene bulk heterojunction solar cells. Chem. Sci. 2012, 3, 485. 2.) Westacott, P; Tumbleston, J. R.; Shoai, S.; Fearn, S.; Bannock, J.; Gilchrist, J.; Heutz, S.; de Mello, J.; Heeney, M.; Ade, H.; Durrant, J.; McPhail, D.; Stingelin, N. On the role of intermixed phases in organic photovoltaic blends. Energy Environ. Sci. 2013, 6, 2756. 3.) Buchaca-Domingo, E.; Ferguson, A.J.; Jamieson, F.C.; McCarthy-Ward, T.; Shoaee, S.; Tumbleston, J.; Reid, O.G.; Yu, L.; Madec, M.B.; Pfannmöller, M.; Hermmerschmidt, F.; Schröder, R.R.; Watkins, S.; Kopidakis, N.; Portale, G.; Smith, P.; Amassian, A.; Heeney, M.; Ade, H.; Rumbles, G.; Durrant, J.R.; Stingelin, N. Additive-assisted supramolecular manipulation of polymer:fullerene blend phase morphologies and its influence on photophysical processes. Mater. Horizons 2014 (10.1039/C3MH00125C).
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International Conference on Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics (HOPV) is celebrated yearly in May. The main topics are the development, function and modeling of materials and devices for hybrid and organic solar cells. The field is now dominated by perovskite solar cells but also other hybrid technologies, as organic solar cells, quantum dot solar cells, and dye-sensitized solar cells and their integration into devices for photoelectrochemical solar fuel production.
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