The Roles of Iodide Ions in Dye Sensitized Solar Cells.

William Ward^a, Erinn Brigham^a, Ke Hu^a, Gerald Meyer^a

^aJohns Hopkins, 3400 N. Charles St., Batimore, 21218, United States

International Conference on Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics
Proceedings of 6th International Conference on Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics (HOPV14)

Ecublens, Switzerland, 2014 May 11th - 14th

Organizers: Michael Graetzel and Mohammad Nazeeruddin

Invited Speaker, Gerald Meyer, presentation 007
Publication date: 1st March 2014

A common feature of many classes of dye sensitized solar cells, including the highly efficient perovskites, is that they utilize iodide. Iodide redox chemistry is intimately coupled to the formation or the breaking of I-I bonds, reactions that may occur by inner-sphere electron transfer mechanisms. Conventional electrochemical characterization of iodide solutions with metal electrodes report only on the two-electron transfer events, while the one-electron transfer reactions are of most releavnce to the dye sensitized electrode. In this presentation the results of time resolved spectroscopic studies designed to identify one-electron transfer iodide chemistry will be presented. Analysis of the kinetic data with Marcus theory has provided valuable estimates of formal one-electron reduction potentials of iodide and polyiodide ions under conditions relevant to the operational dye sensitized solar cell. Disproportionation chemistry was found to yield iodide products that were not easily reduced by the electrons injected into the sensitized thin film; behavior that enables their efficient collection in the external circuit. The relevance of these findings to new classes of dye sensitized electrodes and to solar energy conversion in general will be presented.

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