Publication date: 27th March 2025
Developing effective electrocatalysts for large-scale seawater splitting that can prevent anodic corrosion while efficiently driving oxygen evolution is a major challenge. Surface engineering plays a pivotal role in advancing electrocatalysts, bridging the gap between basic research and the real-world needs of industrial water-splitting technologies. In this study, we introduce the CoZnCr@MXene heterostructure, which achieves a remarkable cell voltage of 1.55 V at a current density of 50 mA cm⁻², surpassing the performance of RuO₂ in alkaline seawater electrolytes. This outstanding performance is attributed to the combined benefits of compositional optimization, surface modification, and the integration of conductive supports, all of which contribute to significant reductions in overpotentials for both the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The CoZnCr@MXene catalyst shows exceptional stability and selective oxidation in alkaline seawater, with the MXene incorporation effectively preventing chloride-induced corrosion and improving charge transfer efficiency. Additionally, when used in an anion exchange membrane electrolyzer, the CoZnCr@MXene catalyst delivers a current density of 500 mA cm⁻² at an operating voltage of 1.72 V at 60 °C, achieving a cell efficiency of 77.8%. This work marks a significant step forward in the development of durable, noble-metal-free electrodes for industrial-scale alkaline seawater electrolysis.
P.C. acknowledges the financial support from the European Union's Horizon Europe research and innovation program under the Marie Skłodowska - Curie grant agreement No. 101130803.