Bulk Colloidal Nanocrystals as Gain Material in Photonic Crystal Surface Emitting Lasers across the Green-Red Spectrum

Ivo Tanghe^a^,^b^,^c, Margarita Samoli^b^,^c, Isabella Wagner^d, Servet Ataberk Cayan^b^,^c, Kai Chen^d, Justin Hodgkiss^d, Iwan Moreels^b^,^c, Dries Van Thourhout^a^,^c, Zeger Hens^b^,^c, Pieter Geiregat^b^,^c

^aPhotonics Research Group, Ghent University, Belgium, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde, 126, Gent, Belgium

^bPhysics and Chemistry of Nanostructures Group, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium

^cNB Photonics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium

^dThe MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand, Wellington 6012, Nueva Zelanda, Wellington, New Zealand

Proceedings of International Conference on Emerging Light Emitting Materials (EMLEM23)

Peyia, Cyprus, 2023 November 13th - 15th

Organizers: Grigorios Itskos, Maksym Kovalenko and Maryna Bodnarchuk

Oral, Ivo Tanghe, presentation 010
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.emlem.2023.010
Publication date: 18th August 2023

Colloidal quantum dots (QDs) are heavily investigated for their applications in light emission such as light emitting diodes and, more challenging, lasers. This is due to their appealing processing conditions, compared to e.g. epitaxy, resulting in lowering cost. They can also be patterned and their optical properties can be tuned. Using quantum confined Cd-based QDs, several groups have shown light amplification and ensuing lasing action in the red part of the spectrum. Although impressive milestones were achieved, there is to date no single material that can provide the demanding combination of gain metrics to be truly competitive with existing epitaxial growth approaches.

In this work, we take a look at CdS/Se nanocrystals in the regime of vanishing quantum confinement, so-called ‘bulk nanocrystals’. We show that these unique materials display disruptive optical gain metrics in the green optical region. Indeed, while showing similar gain thresholds compared to state-of-the-art QD materials, the gain window (440-600 nm, 640-750 nm), amplitude (up to 50.000/cm) and gain lifetime (up to 3 ns) vastly outpace other QD materials.

Using these novel gain materials, we demonstrate lasing in the highly demanded green spectral region (480 – 530 nm) and in the red (650 – 740 nm) both with pulsed and quasi-CW optical excitation. These lasers are made using a Photonic Crystal Surface Emitting Laser (PCSEL) type cavity. As a final step, we attempt to further optimize the lasing properties, be it either narrow linewidth lasers, or high power output, based on in-depth understanding of the hybrid QD-PCSEL laser system.

Acknowledgements:

I.T. acknowledges support from IOF knowledge center.

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