Publication date: 15th July 2022
Modern safety standards in the field of human health, ecology and chemical industry requires more and more precise detection of the hazardous substances that are harmful even in low concentrations. Such substances include volatile hydrogen halides. They are widely used in textile and rubber production, employed in electroplating, and different complex synthesis processes, although they are highly toxic. Due to industrial needs hydrogen halides cannot be substituted, therefore the creation of detectors that can provide both low-cost production and ultra-high responsivity is of the high demand. In this sense, lead-halide perovskite nanostructures demonstrated broad tunability of excitonic emission [1, 2], thermo- and moisture stability and high-quality laser generation at low thresholds [3, 4] are great candidates to be utilized as a sensing platform. In particular perovskite nanowire lasers integrated with nanostructured substrate are capable to demonstrate sensitive optical response to small changes in environment.
Herein, we perform the study of low-concentrated hydrogen chloride vapor optical detection with perovskite CsPbBr3 nanowire laser on nanostructured alumina substrate. Optical detection mechanism is based on the surface modification of CsPbBr3 nanowire due to the anion exchange process. This results in a slightly different refractive index of the near-surface layer compared to the pristine CsPbBr3 composition and consequent spectral response of the perovskite nanolaser modes. The assumption is confirmed by a comprehensive study included optical spectroscopy, XRD and XPS spectroscopy data, complex structural analysis. Experimental results are supported with accurate numerical modeling. The proposed design (TOC figure) allows the detection of HCl vapor at tens ppm concentrations in the surrounding air.
This work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation, project no. 20-73-10183.
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