DOI: https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.ecat.2023.011
Publication date: 10th October 2023
Using electrical or solar power for CO2 and CO conversion into valuable chemical feedstocks presents a promising solution for storing energy from intermittent renewable sources in chemical bonds. Despite significant efforts in this field, CO2 and CO reduction reactions still face challenges in achieving the desired performance in selectivity, activity, energy efficiency, and stability. This report explores the critical roles of catalyst sites in influencing reaction selectivity and discusses strategies for in situ stabilization of the active sites at reaction interfaces. These approaches enhance performance and stability up to levels relevant to industrial applications. For example, in an electrochemical MEA electrolyzer, we realize a combined 91±2% CO2-to-C2+ Faradaic efficiency, 31±2% full-cell CO2-to-C2+ energy efficiency, and 24 ± 1% single-pass CO2 conversion at a commercially relevant current density of 150 mA cm−2 over 150 h. In a photothermal fix-bed reactor, we achieved a 473mmol g-1 h−1 at a gas hourly space velocity of 80,000 ml g−1 h−1, ~100% CH4 selectivity, ~75% single-pass CO2 conversion and excellent durability. Our findings provide insights into catalysts and systems, advancing sustainable technology for chemical and fuel production using renewable energy.
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