Publication date: 8th June 2021
Development of a pulsed laser phase plate inside a cavity-based transmission electron microscope
A conventional Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) makes use of amplitude contrast to visualize samples. This enables the visualization of structures on the sub-nanosecond scale. Interestingly, even more information on the sample is stored in phase changes induced in the electrons. This phase contrast can be made visible via a phase plate. However, present-day electron phase plates suffer from contamination, limited lifetimes and charging.
Therefore, we propose a pulsed laser phase plate, which does not require any structures to be placed in the electron beam’s path, is spectroscopically invisible and has a tunable strength. Compared to a continuous wave laser, a relatively simple laser system is sufficient for the pulsed laser approach and no custom-made laser cavities for world record intensity levels are needed. The microwave cavities utilized in our TEM allow for the creation and modification of high-brightness electron pulses, which can be synchronised with our laser pulses. A theoretical framework for the laser-electron interaction has been developed and is supplemented by numerical simulations. Calculations show that conventional pulsed lasers can induce the desired phase shift in the electrons. Construction and initial alignment of the laser system has started. The laser phase plate in combination with our cavity-based TEM will be the ideal system to visualize phase contrast.
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