Publication date: 8th June 2021
Electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) has become a key player in the field of plasmonics and nanophotonics, as it allows imaging of optical nearfields with nanometer spatial and high energy resolution. With the newest generation of electron microscopes, the energy resolution can be pushed to the meV range for the direct measurement of surface and bulk phonon polariton fields in ionic nanostructures [1].
In this paper, we present the combination of high-resolution EELS measurements with a plasmon tomography scheme, in order to obtain full 3D vectorial maps of the surface phonon polariton fields of a single MgO nanocube [2]. Using a highly monochromated electron beam in a scanning transmission electron microscope, we visualize varying signatures from the phonon polariton modes as a function of the beam position, energy loss, and tilt angle. The nanocube response is described in terms of geometric eigenmodes and is used for the tomographic reconstruction of the phononic nearfields of the object. In comparison to previous work, our scheme includes mixing of basis modes, which is needed to properly account for the symmetry breaking of the substrate.
Detailed 3D information of the nanophotonic environment promises insights in heat transfer at the nanoscale and is invaluable to the design and optimization of nanostructures for fascinating new uses.
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