Publication date: 25th July 2016
Compressive stimulation of single cells in vitro for mechanotransduction studies often requires specialized tools. Application of compressive forces to single cells by atomic force microscopy (AFM) entails extensive training and has a low throughput. Furthermore, AFM force application typically requires using adherent cells. To overcome these limitations, we have developed a multilayer soft lithography microfluidic device, which consists of a control layer and a flow channel and is able to trap, compress, and aspirate cells in the trapping chambers. Here we used double emulsion (water/oil/water) as a cell model to first demonstrate the salient features of the microfluidic device. By changing the applied air pressure of the control layer using a pressure regulator, we can exert compression to double emulsions. By changing the flow rate of the flow channel using a syringe pump, we can exert pressure difference and aspirate on double emulsions. Aspiration resulted in permanent removal of oil in double emulsions. Finally, we studied the influence of oil thickness on the transport of calcium ions into double emulsions under osmotic downshock and found that oil thinning facilitated faster calcium influx. Together, the development of this microfluidic pipette array and compression device will greatly enable future single cell mechanotransduction studies.