Proceedings of International Conference Asia-Pacific Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics 2018 (AP-HOPV18)
Publication date: 27th October 2017
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) based on Sn-halide perovskite have attracted tremendous attention as an alternative for Pb-halide perovskite due to their environmental friendly properties. Although Sn based perovskites have optimum photovoltaic properties but their power conversion efficiency (PCE) in PSC remain far below as compared to Pb based system. Their poor device performance is due to higher tendency to oxidation and inability to form pinholes free films. To suppress the oxidation from Sn2+ to Sn4+ and eliminate pinholes from the perovskite films various type of additives such as SnF2, SnCl2, hypophosphorous acid, hydrazine gas vapor etc. have been used.[1-4] Among them, SnF2 has been identified as essential compound for formation of Sn-based perovskite film. Herein, we have used a novel reducing salt with SnF2 to make high quality pinhole free formamidinium tin iodide (FASnI3) perovskite film with low content of Sn4+. This process made us able to fabricate FASnI3 material on inverted PEDOT:PSS without any pinholes. With this reducing salt, we obtained 4.0 % PCE from optimum FASnI3 device that was about two times higher than only SnF2 addition system. To find out the reasons for improved performance by adding this reducing salt, we have performed X-ray power diffraction for phase analysis, scanning electron microscopy for morphology and microstructure, XPS for elemental analysis, along with other device characterizations.
References
[1] W. Li, J. Li, J. Li, J. Fan, Y. Mai, L. Wang, Journal of Materials Chemistry A 2016, 4, 17104;
[2] K. Marshall, M. Walker, R. I. Walton, R. A. Hatton, Nature Energy 2016, 1, 16178;
[3] T.-B. Song, T. Yokoyama, S. Aramaki, M. G. Kanatzidis, ACS Energy Letters 2017; 2 (4), pp 897–903
[4] W. Liao, D. Zhao, Y. Yu, C. R. Grice, C. Wang, A. J. Cimaroli, P. Schulz, W. Meng, K. Zhu, R. G. Xiong, Advanced Materials 2016, 28, 9333.
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