Proceedings of International Conference Asia-Pacific Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics 2018 (AP-HOPV18)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.ap-hopv.2018.011
Publication date: 27th October 2017
Organic-inorganic hybrid halide perovskite has emerged as one of the most promising photovoltaic (PV) material since 2012, with the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) rising from 10% to over 22% with intense research from PV research community around the world. However, the toxicity of lead (Pb), which is commonly applied in high efficiency PSCs, remains to be a serious problem that hampers the wide application of this magic material. Therefore, there has been a continued effort to study the replacement of Pb2+ with other environmentally friendly cations, such as tin (II) (Sn2+), germanium (II) (Ge2+), and bismuth (III) (Bi3+), etc. Theoretical calculations have proved the possibility of perovskite crystal structure formation after metal cation substitution, showing suitable band gap and optoelectronic properties. However, the PCEs obtained from lead-free perovskite devices are well below that of their lead counterpart. Although the lead-free PSC using MASnI3 as absorber was first demonstrated in 2014, the highest PCE achieved for lead-free PSCs is only around 9% so far. In addition, the Sn2+ suffers from rapid oxidation to Sn4+ in ambient atmosphere, leading to higher carrier density and conductivity and subsequently severe electric shorting of the fabricated devices. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct the whole device fabrication and measurement process under inert atmosphere. In this work, we synthesized a series of solvent-coordinated tin halide complexes as purified precursors for tin halide perovskite, including [SnI2(dmf)], [SnI2(dmso)], and [SnI2(dmso)2]. We performed MAS (magic-angle spinning) NMR spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) measurements, the results of which suggest the Sn2+ purity of our materials is much higher than the real purity of commercially available sample of SnI2. We then prepared film samples of FASnI3 and MASnI3 using purified precursors. We performed photoelectron yield spectroscopy and photoluminescence spectroscopy under inert atmosphere to check the valence band (VB) and conduction band (CB) position. The results show much higher VB and CB position comparing to previously reported results, suggesting the possibility that the reported value might come from partially oxidized samples. These data are important guidance for selection of electron transporting material and hole transporting material with suitable CB and VB for device fabrication. We then fabricated perovskite solar cells with our purified material and achieved agreeable performance.
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International Conference on Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics
International Conference on Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics (HOPV) is celebrated yearly in May. The main topics are the development, function and modeling of materials and devices for hybrid and organic solar cells. The field is now dominated by perovskite solar cells but also other hybrid technologies, as organic solar cells, quantum dot solar cells, and dye-sensitized solar cells and their integration into devices for photoelectrochemical solar fuel production.
Asia-Pacific International Conference on Perovskite, Organic Photovoltaics and Optoelectronics
The main topics of the Asia-Pacific International Conference on Perovskite, Organic Photovoltaics and Optoelectronics (IPEROP) are discussed every year in Asia-Pacific for gathering the recent advances in the fields of material preparation, modeling and fabrication of perovskite and hybrid and organic materials. Photovoltaic devices are analyzed from fundamental physics and materials properties to a broad set of applications. The conference also covers the developments of perovskite optoelectronics, including light-emitting diodes, lasers, optical devices, nanophotonics, nonlinear optical properties, colloidal nanostructures, photophysics and light-matter coupling.
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