Proceedings of International Conference Asia-Pacific Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics (AP-HOPV17)
Publication date: 7th November 2016
Despite an expeditious rise in its power coversion efficiency organolead halide perovskite based solar cells1 still stand way behind commercialization because of two major challenges; poor stability2,3 and high toxicity of Pb4. Therefore, urgent and intense efforts are necessary to address these issues and thereby make the new technology a commercial success. Although few studies5,6 pertaining to stability have shown impressive results of long term stability a large number of studies has directly or indirectly disclosed and siscussed the facts of both material and performance instability in the perovskite solar cells. In the recent past, a great amount of effort has been also made to replace the toxic Pb by less toxic Sn and Bi but none of such perovsite compounds has been found to be so promising in terms of efficiency. Hence, unfortunately, the “lead” leads. Moreover, Sn is also not necessarily less toxic than Pb. In such a case, a wise and otherwise approach would be to find ways that can prevent Pb from getting into environment instead of replacing the metal. In the present work, we show the attempts made by us to reuse/recycle the perovskite films from fresh and degraded devices. Planar perovskite (CH3NH3PbI3) solar cells using spiro-OMeTAD as hole transport layer were aged in dry (<10% relative humidity) and ambient (about 30% humidity) conditions and were also heat-treated at different temperatures (60, 80, 100 and 120oC) for different durations to deliberately degrade the cell performance. The performance degradation was thorughly investigated by I-V, EIS, XRD and SEM characterizations. Then, the perovskite films from these devices were recovered, examined and reused either after treatment or without any treatement. The results showed that the performance of the cells could be recovered partially or completely depending on the history of treatement of the devices. In addition, it was found that degradation in cell performance was largely caused by the chemical/electrical changes occured in the spiro-OMeTAD and the interface between perovskite and spiro-OMeTAD while the perovskite film remained almost unaffected by storing in dry conditions and heat-treatment up to 100oC.
References
(1) Lee, et.al, Science, 2012, 338, 643-647, (2) Han, et. al, J. Mater. Chem. A, 2015, 3, 8139, (3) Smecca, et. al, Phys.Chem.Chem.Phys.,2016, 18, 13413, (4) Babayigit, et.al, Scientific Reports, 2012, 6, Article number: 18721, (5) Mei, et. al, Science, 2014, 345, 6194, 295-298, (6) Burschka, et. al, Nature, 499, 316–319
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