DOI: https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.amamed.2022.032
Publication date: 22nd April 2022
Nanotechnology allows the creation of a myriad of materials by producing composite self-assembled architectures, e.g., inorganic and/or organic nanoparticles, biomolecules, therapeutics, etc. The fine tuning over their properties provides powerful solutions for the development of smart nanotherapeutics. However, despite the multiple advantages that nanoformulations provides, very limited success has been achieved in complex models or in vivo.
Design smart nanoformulations enabling effectively targeting and dose control and thereby, avoiding off-target effects as clearance by liver and spleen, remains among the most critical challenges in the field of the nanomedicine. New synthetic approaches to design more efficient and selective nanocarriers are therefore needed.
The properties of engineered nanomaterials in terms of size, composition, shape, degradability, stimulus-responsive behaviour, elasticity, etc., can be finely modulated by several synthetic approaches. Here we will discuss some approximations developed by our group, combining stimulus-responsiveness and surface engineering, aiming to develop efficient and smart nanocarriers for biological applications. One of these approaches is based on developing biomimetic nanocarriers with a surface that mimics different cellular compositions (tumoral cells, platelets, immune cells, etc.). These nanocarriers can be programmed to perform specific biological tasks such as evade immune cells, prolong systemic circulation time, homotypic targeting, and high efficiency of intracellular drug release. Moreover, enabling effectively dose control can be achieved by developing stimuli-responsive controlled delivery systems triggered by stimuli such as NIR light.