Publication date: 22nd April 2022
In the Magnetic Hyperthermia (MH) and Photothermal Therapy (PTT) applications, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are used as an “antennae” able to capture energy (either from an alternating magnetic field (AMF) or a near infrared (NIR) light) and transform it into local heat. In the frame of this therapy design, it is fundamental to know how possible particle transformation would affect its performance over time.
In this work, we used MNPs with two different coatings (dimercaptosuccinic acid - DMSA-NPs) and poly(maleic anhydride-alt-1-octadecene) - PMAO-NPs) but with same magnetic core (≈13.5 nm) (Figure 1A). We evaluated how the MNP coating affects their degradation profile using a medium that simulates the lysosomal conditions and how this degradation affects their heating performance in the frame of both magnetic hyperthermia and photothermal treatments. The faster degradation of DMSA-NPs in comparison with PMAO-NPs was verified by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), magnetic and colorimetric measurements.
To track how the transformations suffered by the particles along their degradation process affected their heating properties, magnetic hyperthermia and photothermal measurements were performed. In both cases, the degradation process resulted in a decrease of the heating capacity of both types of materials. As a result of the faster degradation of DMSA-NPs, the reduction of the heating properties along time was increased for this material when compared to PMAO-NPs.
Thus, the less prone to degradation nanoparticles (PMAO-NPs) were selected for the in vivo analysis, to evaluate the degradation speed of this material in tumor tissues. In this study, although the number of particles decreased in the tumors along time after their administration, no transformations in the average particle size of particles occurred.
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