Proceedings of International Conference on Perovskite Thin Film Photovoltaics, Photonics and Optoelectronics (ABXPV18PEROPTO)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.abxpvperopto.2018.029
Publication date: 11th December 2017
Over the last few years, perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted a considerable amount of research and evolved in an exponential manner. The power conversion efficiency has then been rapidly increasing and has recently exceeded 22% [1]. However, the major factor that has been limiting practical application is intrinsic and extrinsic stability [2]. There are various issues associated with the stability of PSCs and the degradation’s mechanisms of perovskite are still under investigations. The main aim of this work is to understand the fundamental mechanisms, the properties and defaults of these materials via X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Electronic Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR).
In this study, perovskite layer (CH3NH3PbI3) is coated on glass/ITO/ Aluminum doped zinc oxide (AZO). Several aging experiments in different conditions are carried out: aging in glovebox, aging in light (35°C/1 sun), aging in temperature (65°C) and aging in ambient air.
XRD measurements revealed the growth of PbI2 and the decrease of perovskite peaks during different aging times. Through these studies, we have been able to determine the kinetics of perovskite’s degradation. In order to correlate this kinetics with the degradation of devices (glass/ITO/AZO/Perovskite/P3HT/Au), we performed a differential aging of solar cells, which consists in aging perovskite layers in different conditions before the evaporation of top electrode. These studies revealed that the stability of perovskite thin films is not the main parameter responsible of perovskite solar cells degradation. XRD measurement has shown that perovskite thin films are stable even after storage for more than 1000h in glove box. This differential aging’s study will be discussed in details.
In addition, the interest of EPR spectroscopy, in which electron spins are excited, is the identification of ions and organic radicals formed during perovskite’s degradation. EPR spectra of perovskite thin films spin-coated on different substrates will be discussed in details.
These analyses pave the route towards an understanding of the degradation way of perovskites in order to enhance the performance of perovskite solar cells.
[1] M. A. Green, K. Emery, Y. Hishikawa, W. Warta, E. D. Dunlop, Prog. Photovolt. 2016, 24, 905.
[2] T.A. Berhe et al, Energy Environ. Sci. 2016, 9, 323.
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